High-quality CPR
The exam tests numbers and priorities, and the priority is almost always compressions.
- Adults: rate 100–120/min, depth at least 2 inches (5 cm) and no more than 2.4 inches, full recoil, interruptions under 10 seconds.
- Compression-to-ventilation 30:2 without an advanced airway; with an advanced airway, continuous compressions with one breath every 6 seconds (10/min).
- Children and infants with two rescuers: 15:2; compress about one third the chest depth.
- Excessive ventilation raises intrathoracic pressure, reduces venous return, and lowers survival — it is one of the most common code errors.
In a code, the therapist's most valuable contribution is often refusing to over-bag.